post 2020

Knowledge Package

Article 7 of the EED: Will MSs Achieve their Energy Savings Targets?

Article 7 of the EED: Will MSs Achieve their Energy Savings Targets? | Fotolia © lucadp
Article 7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive obliges Member States to develop an Energy Efficiency Obligation scheme or/and use alternative measures like energy certificates, minimum energy performance requirements etc. After 2012, Member States were obliged to report their planned measures through National Energy Efficiency Action Plans. This knowledge package provides an overview of how Member States have implemented the Article 7.Read more
Knowledge Package

Energy Efficiency Policy Instruments in the European Union

Energy Efficiency Policy Instruments in the European Union | Fotolia © Eisenhans
Energy Efficiency Obligations are the cornerstone of the Energy Efficiency Directive from 2012. Under such obligations energy companies are responsible for generating energy savings. This policy was already successfully implemented in 6 EU Member States. Other policies like nearly zero energy buildings and energy certification are also planned. This knowledge package investigates the range of energy efficiency policies that are...Read more
Knowledge Package

History of the UN Climate Negotiations - Part 2 - from 2011 to 2015

Fotolia © pathdoc
Several factors led to uncertainty and complexity as well as scepticism on the likelihood of reaching an effective agreement in the post-Copenhagen process, including the shift in the UNFCCC negotiation process from a top-down approach to a more flexible system of country-led individual targets and a growing realisation among developing countries about the need to take an active role in...Read more
Knowledge Package

History of the UN Climate Negotiations - Part 1 - from the 1980's to 2010

Flickr © Takver
Based on first scientific insights on climate change, policy makers agreed in 1992 on a UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Since then, the UNFCCC has been the basis for climate negotiations with the Kyoto Protocol (1997), the Marrakech Accords (2001) and the Cancun Agreements (2010) as major milestones. This Knowledge Package explains how climate policy making has increasingly...Read more
Knowledge Package

International Climate Policy Architectures – Top-Down and Bottom-Up

Flickr © UNclimatechange
International climate policy currently seems to be undergoing a transition from a centralized model of governance to a "hybrid" decentralized approach that combines country-level mitigation pledges with common principles for accounting and monitoring. Pledges for 2020 are likely to lead to a warming of at least 3°C. Unless a more stringent approach can be agreed for 2030, the international regime...Read more
Knowledge Package

Overview of Climate Targets in Europe

Fotolia © stockWERK
Since the 1990s the EU has been pursuing climate change mitigation targets. Following the international commitment to the legally binding greenhouse gas reduction under the Kyoto Protocol, the approach was broadened and deepened with the 20-20-20% targets for 2020. The greenhouse gas target looks set to be overachieved. In 2014, new objectives for 2030 were agreed, but criticised harshly by...Read more
Knowledge Package

European Climate Policy - History and State of Play

European Climate Policy - History and State of Play | Fotolia © djama
Climate policies in the EU have been developing since 1990, introducing common measures in the areas of greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energies and energy efficiency. An EU-wide climate policy framework has been developed, implemented, and revised over time. With the 2030 goals set in 2014, specific changes for the post 2020 period are under discussion.Read more

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