With a changing climate and the related impacts, social systems need to adapt to altered external conditions. Diverse adaptation options are available for every major sector of the economy. Also the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change pursues different strategies to enhance action on adaptation, both on the national and the global scale. Additionally, the Adaptation Committee plans to...Read more

The opposition of few countries to market mechanisms coupled with limitations for involving developing countries, parties under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change are considering measures known as non-market-based approaches, like policies and regulations. This knowledge package shows the involvement of definition of non-market-based approach, ensuring environmental integrity and ensuring sustainable development.Read more

Several factors led to uncertainty and complexity as well as scepticism on the likelihood of reaching an effective agreement in the post-Copenhagen process, including the shift in the UNFCCC negotiation process from a top-down approach to a more flexible system of country-led individual targets and a growing realisation among developing countries about the need to take an active role in...Read more

International climate policy currently seems to be undergoing a transition from a centralized model of governance to a "hybrid" decentralized approach that combines country-level mitigation pledges with common principles for accounting and monitoring. Pledges for 2020 are likely to lead to a warming of at least 3°C. Unless a more stringent approach can be agreed for 2030, the international regime...Read more