carbon dioxide

Knowledge Package

The Role of Industrial Emissions Within the EU: Trends and Policy

The Role of Industrial Emissions Within the EU: Trends and Policy
Greenhouse gas emissions generated by industrial activity constitute a significant share of total emissions in the EU. The EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) is the cornerstone of policies leading to reduction of industrial emissions, supplemented by regulation to prevent fluorinated gases. Industry fears a high burden under the proposed 2030 targets and actively opposes them.Read more
Knowledge Package

The Global Rise of Emissions Trading

The Global Rise of Emissions Trading
An increasing number of countries and regions around the world are developing and implementing emissions trading as a way of putting a price on greenhouse gas emissions. This knowledge package gives an overview of such systems, compares design features and giving an outlook on future developments.Read more
Knowledge Package

International Ambition on Targets for the Post-2020 Era

International Ambition on Targets for the Post-2020 Era
The international community is negotiating a post-2020 framework for global climate action. The UNFCCC meeting concluded with such a framework of increasing emissions reduction commitments beyond 2020. Countries are likely to attach their new post-2020 commitments to the international agreement made at this time. The role of the European Union, USA and China is crucial, given that their emissios comprise...Read more
Knowledge Package

The Costs of Mitigation: An Overview

The Costs of Mitigation: An Overview
There is quite a vast landscape of different definitions used for the word 'cost' related to the concepts of climate change. To enhance appropriate application and interpretation, this knowledge package explains the various terms in the climate change debate. Furthermore, it provides cost estimates for mitigation expressed in consumption losses for 2020 through 2100 and argues that costs would further...Read more
Knowledge Package

Technical Options for Climate Change Mitigation in EU Agriculture

Technical Options for Climate Change Mitigation in EU Agriculture
Agriculture and land management play a central role in climate change mitigation in the EU. The potential of greenhouse gas mitigation measures differs according to regional characteristics and farming systems. Since there is great diversity in natural conditions and farming systems, selection of the most appropriate practices will vary according to context and depend on specific agronomic, environmental and climatic...Read more
Knowledge Package

The European Climate Policy Mix

Fotolia © krasyuk
To realise the savings aimed at with the 20-20-20% targets for 2020, the European Union has introduced a mix of climate policies, using a variety of policy instruments and targeting all economic sectors. The different policies have fulfilled their purpose with varying success and different performances regarding environmental and cost effectiveness, as well as additional impacts on society. Read more
Knowledge Package

Interactions between Climate Policies: Opportunities and Pitfalls

Fotolia © vege
Policies to address climate change mitigation that have been deployed in parallel may interact with each other, with positive or negative effects for emission reductions and for cost-effectiveness. This Knowledge Package explains the economic theory behind such policy interactions and discusses why even with a carbon price (such as that generated by the EU Emissions Trading Scheme) the introduction of...Read more
Knowledge Package

Are Transport Emissions "Mobilizing" an EU Policy Response?

Fotolia © bibi
Within the EU-28, transport is responsible for around 20% of greenhouse gas emissions, rendering it the second largest emitting sector after the energy industry. Emissions from transport have also grown by 19% from 1990 to 2011. In order to turn this trend around and accomplish the corresponding emission targets, the EU has designed and implemented a series of measures, including...Read more
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